On May 1, 1955, President Dwight D. Eisenhower issued the first official proclamation of Loyalty Day in the United States. This observance was established by a joint resolution of Congress approved on April 27, 1955, designating May 1 as a special day for Americans to reaffirm their loyalty to the United States and recognize the nation’s heritage of freedom.
Background and Purpose
Loyalty Day was conceived during a period of heightened concern over communism and ideological threats during the Cold War. Its roots trace back to 1921, when it was originally observed as “Americanization Day,” intended to counterbalance the international celebration of May Day by labor and socialist movements. By 1955, amid the Second Red Scare, Congress and President Eisenhower formalized Loyalty Day as a patriotic response, emphasizing devotion to American ideals and the Constitution.
Proclamation Details
In his proclamation, President Eisenhower called upon all citizens to observe May 1, 1955, with suitable ceremonies and requested that the American flag be displayed on all government buildings as a symbol of national loyalty. The proclamation highlighted the importance of reaffirming commitment to the liberties enshrined in the Constitution and fostering patriotism among Americans.
“The prime requisite for retaining our freedom is unswerving devotion to the liberties embodied in our Constitution… I, Dwight D. Eisenhower, President of the United States of America, do hereby request all our citizens to observe Sunday, May 1, 1955, as Loyalty Day with suitable ceremonies.”
- Proclamation 3091, April 28, 1955
Legacy and Observance
Since 1955, every U.S. president has issued an annual proclamation recognizing May 1 as Loyalty Day. In 1958, Congress made Loyalty Day a recurring annual observance through Public Law 85-529, and it remains a day for Americans to reflect on their freedoms, express patriotism, and honor those who have served the nation. Loyalty Day is celebrated with flag displays, ceremonies, educational programs, and community events focused on civic engagement and reaffirming allegiance to the United States.
Key Points
- Loyalty Day was first proclaimed on May 1, 1955, by President Eisenhower.
- It was established to counteract communist influence and reaffirm American values during the Cold War.
- The day is observed annually on May 1 with patriotic ceremonies and displays of the American flag.
- Loyalty Day continues to serve as a reminder of the responsibilities and privileges of American citizenship.